Tag Archives: inflation

Azerbaijan’s GDP to fall this year

SEPT. 13 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — The IMF said Azerbaijan’s GDP will fall by another 1% this year but rise by 2% in 2018, more analysis that an economic downturn that has smashed into the region is being hard felt in Azerbaijan (Sept. 7). The root cause of the downturn was a fall in oil prices that triggered a recession in Russia. Azerbaijan’s economy is dependent on oil. Last year its economy shrank by 3.8%. The IMF also said that inflation in Azerbaijan would remain above 10%.
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— This story was first published in issue 343 of The Conway Bulletin on Sept. 15 2017

Uzbek soum fluctuates heavily

AUG. 19 2017 (The Bulletin) — Uzbekistan soum currency has been volatile since last week when Reuters reported that President Shavkat Mirziyoyev and the Central Bank wanted to reform exchange rates. Uzbekistan currently has two operational exchange rates — an official one and an unofficial one. The Black Market rate rose to around 7,300/$1 by Aug. 14, from around 8,400/$1 at the start of the month. It had lost ground by the end of the week, though, and finished at around 8,100/$1.

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(News report from Issue No. 340, published on Aug. 20 2017)

 

Uzbek CB introduces new bank note

AUG. 14 2017 (The Bulletin) — Reflecting sharp inflationary pressures, the Uzbek Central Bank said that it was going to introduce a 50,000 soum banknote. In June, in a rare statement, the Central Bank said that rising inflation had forced it to increase its key interest rate to 14% from 9%. Earlier this year it introduced a 10,000 soum note. The 50,000 soum note is equivalent to $12 on the official exchange market and around $6 on the unofficial market.

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(News report from Issue No. 340, published on Aug. 20 2017)

 

Kazakh economy improving says mobile operator Kcell

ALMATY, JULY 20 2017 (The Bulletin) — Macroeconomic conditions in Kazakhstan are improving, Kcell, the Kazakh mobile operator part-owned by Swedish-Finnish Telia, said in its first half report, an important view of Central Asia’s biggest economy.

Kcell’s revenue from sales was down by 1.1% in the first half of the year compared to the same period in 2016 at 71.54b tenge ($219.5m) but this was due to changes in tariffs and the tough market conditions in mobile operations.

More importantly, Kcell CEO Arti Ots said, the economy was starting to show sustained growth after three years of stagnation.

“In the first half of 2017, we saw continued improving trends in both macroeconomic indicators and the market environment in Kazakhstan,” he said. “In the domestic telecoms market, as previously reported, ongoing tariff adjustments are starting to give a positive impact, which we expect to see the results of in the second half of the year.”

Kcell reports are watched carefully by analysts as they are considered to give a balanced corporate view of Kazakhstan’s economy. Like the rest of the region Kazakhstan has been trying to shake off a tough three years linked to a collapse in oil prices and a recession in Russia.

Economists have also said the outlook for Kazakhstan has improved this year. The Kazakh Central Bank has said inflation is easing and the World Bank has estimated that GDP will grow at around 2.2% this year, compared to 1% in 2015 and 2016.

Kcell is fighting a 9b tenge fine for late payment of taxes in 2012-15 handed out this year by the Kazakh authorities, which it says is unfair. It said in its H1 report that it didn’t expect to have to pay the full fine. Telia is looking to sell its stakes, owned directly and indirectly, in Kcell after a corruption row focused on its operations in Uzbekistan tarnished its reputation.

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(News report from Issue No. 337, published on July 27 2017)

 

Uzbekistan promises to reform its currency exchange

TASHKENT, JULY 24 2017 (The Bulletin) — Uzbekistan plans to power ahead with reform of its currency exchange, the IMF said after a mission to Tashkent.

The Uzbek Central Bank has steadily cut the value of its soum currency, allowing it to devalue by around 25% this year, but there are still restrictions on trading it. Tearing up these restrictions would underscore the credentials of Shavkat Mirziyoyev, president since September last year, as a reforming leader.

In a statement, the IMF said: “The mission especially welcomed the authorities’ plan to frontload reforms of the foreign exchange system. Unifying exchange rates and allowing a market-based allocation of foreign exchange resources would allow the Central Bank of Uzbekistan to pivot to a stability-oriented monetary policy capable of effectively controlling inflation.”

The reference to inflation is important as the Uzbek Central Bank said earlier this year that it was having to raise its key interest rate to combat rising prices. Like the rest of the region, a collapse in oil prices and a recession in Russia have hit the economy of Uzbekistan.

Operating in Uzbekistan has always been problematic for foreign investors. There are two different exchange rates in the country. The official one set by the Central Bank, and the unofficial Black Market rate. A Bulletin correspondent said the Black Market rate for the Uzbek soum was 8,450/$1, compared to just over 4,000/$1 on the official market.

The IMF also said restructuring state-owned companies and banks and improving economic data were vital.

“The authorities’ decision to adopt a new CPI to measure inflation, starting in 2018, should already help improve the quality of a key statistical indicator,” the IMF said.

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(News report from Issue No. 337, published on July 27 2017)

 

State salaries and pensions to rise by 10% in Turkmenistan

JULY 8 2017 (The Bulletin) — Apparently looking to bolster his support from ordinary Turkmen during a sustained economic downturn, President Kurbanguly Berdymukhamedov ordered state pensions and salaries to be increased from Jan. 1 2018. Analysts have said that the Turkmen economy is under increasing pressure and that inflation is rising fast.

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(News report from Issue No. 336, published on July 16 2017)

 

Uzbekistan to rise utility prices

JUNE 30 2017 (The Bulletin) — Uzbekistan will raise the cost of electricity and gas it supplies to households by 7% from July 15, media reported quoting the state- owned Uzbekenergo and Uzbekneftegas. This is the second utility price rise in less than a year, the uzdaily.uz website reported. The price rise shows the inflationary pressure built into the Uzbek economy. Last month the Uzbek Central Bank increased its key interest rate to try to dampen inflation.

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(News report from Issue No. 335, published on July 3 2017)

Uzbekistan warns that inflation is accelerating

TASHKENT, JUNE 24 2017 (The Bulletin) — Inflation in Uzbekistan is accelerating fast, the country’s Central Bank said in a rare statement giving economic guidance.

Uzbekistan is Central Asia’s most populous country and the admission will alarm other neighbouring governments who have been hinting at inflationary pressures built into their economies.

As well as warning of inflationary pressures, Uzbekistan’s Central Bank also said that it was pushing up its key interest rate to 14% from 9%, although it was unclear how much impact this rise would have on an economy underpinned by government support and the Black Market.

“This decision is due to an acceleration of inflation over the past period and the need to limit the increased inflationary risks,” the Uzbek Central Bank said in a statement.

“Along with the seasonal fluctuations and supply factors, inflation has been influenced by monetary factors such as the acceleration in lending of the national currency into the economy and its devaluation compared to previous years.”

The unusually frank guidance from the Central Bank may also be linked to both a change in Central Bank chief and a shift in the Uzbek government’s mindset.

Fayzulla Mullajanov, Central Bank chief since independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and a relic from a Soviet-tinged bygone era, died in May. Parliament has approved Mamarizo Nurmuratov as his replacement.

Mr Nurmuratov is another long- serving Central Bank insider and had been Mr Mullajanov’s adviser but he may have been told to open up the reclusive institution by President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Mr Mirziyoyev has appeared determined to open up Uzbekistan since taking over from Islam Karimov in September last year.

The Uzbek Central Bank’s statement also referenced the depreciation of its currency. It has steadily managed a drop in value of the Uzbek soum of around 0.7% per week over the past year. In the last 12 months it has dropped by around a third to trade, officially, at 3,930/$1. On the Black Market, the soum is trading at 8,300/$1, according to uzdollar.com.

Uzbekistan’s economic woes are mirrored across the region. A drop in oil prices in 2014, reduced the value of its gas exports and triggered a recession in Russia. Uzbekistan, like its Central Asian neighbours, relies on Russia as an economic driver, creating jobs and markets. Remittances from Russia have picked up but are still at a third of the level of 2014.

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(News report from Issue No. 334, published on June 26 2017)

 

Armenia’s CB raises inflation target

MAY 31 2017 (The Bulletin) — Armenia’s Central Bank raised its inflation target for 2017 to 2.5% from 0.6%, a leading indicator that it feels the worst of an economic downturn has passed. Armenia has been struggling to deal with deflation over the past couple of years. Recent data showed the economy starting to grow. The government targets 3.2% growth.

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(News report from Issue No. 331, published on June 5 2017)

 

Inflation and joblessness hurt Kazakhs as economy struggles to improve

TRAIN 702TS/Kazakhstan, MAY 28 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — The Kazakh oil executive, Serik, was clear enough. The economic problems in the system were hitting and hurting everybody and, importantly, it was much worse than the authorities were letting on.

“It took me a year to find a job. It shouldn’t take that long” he said. “I know people who are selling their property because they just can’t find work. They are selling and getting out, moving to Singapore or elsewhere.”

Through the window the Kazakh steppe rushed past. At this time of year, the clumps of long grass were only just beginning to turn an arid brown.

Serik took another sip of his beer. The bar on the train was full of men drinking beer, cheerfully, killing time before they could return to their berths and sleep. It’s a 13-hour journey from Astana to Almaty on the Spanish-built Talgo train.

Serik was heading to Almaty to meet up with old university class- mates from his time at the Kazakh State University. In an ordinary year, he said that he would fly to Almaty but this year he was looking to save money.

“The jobs have disappeared and inflation is eating people’s salaries. Not many people are happy at all,” he said. He popped another peanut into his mouth and took a long sip of his beer.

A collapse in oil prices from 2014 and a recession in Russia, Central Asia’s economic driver, forced Kazakhstan’s economy into a downward trajectory.

It is recovering now, but slowly. The tenge has halved in value, companies have laid off staff and prices are rising, faster than salaries.

Serik’s frustrations at the Kazakh economy, and his warning that things were worse than the government was prepared to let on, were repeated across Kazakhstan. In Astana, an engineer working on the government’s tech projects complained that his salary had been kept the same for years. As a subcontractor the engineer was not covered by government wage rises of around 20%, even though the cost of living had risen between 20% and 40%.

“It’s all about saving now,” he said. “As for foreign summer holidays, forget it.”

The rate of inflation given by the engineer was confirmed by several other people. It was far higher than the official inflation rate of 8%, down from 18% in the middle of 2016.

Later, in Almaty a Russian real estate dealer said that the market had pretty much flatlined. Very little was being sold or bought as prices were too unstable.

Last year, too, buyers had started to insist that he accept tenge for property deals, adding another level of instability.

“Things will get better,” he said. “But, right now, it doesn’t feel good at all.”

And there is more evidence of this on the streets of Almaty, the country’s commercial hub.

Like cavities fouling a row of perfect white teeth, empty shops displaying ‘to let’ signs scarred Almaty’s main shopping streets.

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(News report from Issue No. 330, published on May 28 2017)