Tag Archives: politics

Kazakh court cuts Ex-PM jail sentence

JAN. 19 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — A court in Karaganda, central Kazakhstan, cut an eight year jail sentence handed out to former Kazakh PM Serik Akhmetov for corruption to 1 year and seven months because of an amnesty granted by President Nursultan Nazarbayev last year to mark the 25th anniversary of Kazakhstan’s independence. Akhmetov had been PM between Sept. 2012 and April 2014. He was convicted in Dec. 2015. Under the new term, he should be due to be released shortly.

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(News report from Issue No. 313, published on Jan. 20 2017)

Comment: Nazarbayev tightens the screws in Kazakhstan, writes Kilner

JAN. 20 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — There is a sense of deja vu hanging over Kazakhstan.

In the west of the country, hundreds of oil workers are on a hunger strike over the closure of the country’s trade union umbrella body. In Astana the hollowing out of the media continues with the trial of Bigeldy Gabdullin, editor of the Central Asia Monitor newspaper, while police arrest government officials for corruption and for leaking state secrets.

All these events are the result of deliberate government policies.

Let’s take the oil workers’ strike first. Reports from Zhanaozen say that an estimated 400 workers are now on hunger strike. They worry that while the government says that it wants to improve their rights and working conditions, they are actually being undermined. The government is determined to exact revenge on the Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Kazakhstan for what it sees as its role in organising and politicising oil workers in 2011. Strikes, then, ended with a riot in Zhanaozen and the shooting dead of at least 16 oil workers by police.

The Kazakh authorities see the unions as a threat to central government and a court in Shymkent earlier this year ordered the closure of the Confederation

for allegedly not being registered properly several years ago. Suspecting a government stitch up, the workers have chosen to strike.

As for Gabdullin, he has apparently already admitted extortion of government officials. The charges may be true or they may be fabricated, it’s difficult to say in Kazakhstan where fact and fiction melt into one. Either way, the 61- year-old Gabdullin appears to have decided that it would be best to admit wrong doing and hope for clemency rather than try to defend himself against the state.

The Kazakh government has worked tirelessly to undermine journalists over the past few years, locking up high profile free-thinkers or forcing them into exile. The case against Gabdullin is a continuation of this policy.

And finally, the rounding up of various government officials for corruption.

This may be, as presented, a case of clearing out corrupt officials but it may also be the case, as some analysts are saying, that Nazarbayev is using the cover of an anti-government purge to wipe away potential troublemakers before he reveals his succession plan.

In all three arenas — workers’ rights, the media, central government — the Kazakh government is extending and deepening its authority.

By James Kilner, Editor, The Conway Bulletin

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(News report from Issue No. 313, published on Jan. 20 2017)

Georgia president criticises new gas deal

TBILISI, JAN. 17 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — Georgian President Giorgi Margvelashvili criticised a high-profile gas deal struck with Russia by energy minister Kakha Kaladze as a threat to national security, exposing a deep fissure in Georgia’s politics.

Commenting on a new agreement that will see Russia pay to transport gas across Georgia to Armenia, instead of giving Georgia 10% of the volume on a barter arrangement, Mr Margvelashvili’s official spokesperson, Eka Mishveladze, said Mr Kaladze was playing a high-risk game.

“The issue of Gazprom is more than just a business agreement, this is security, foreign policy and geopolitics first and energy and economy after that,” she said.

Although elected on a Georgian Dream ticket, Mr Margvelashvili has increasingly distanced himself from his former colleagues, preferring to present himself as an independent voice. Georgia is set for a presidential election in 2018.

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(News report from Issue No. 313, published on Jan. 20 2017)

Armenian oligarch Tsarukyan plots political comeback for parliamentary election

YEREVAN, JAN. 17 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — Three months before a parliamentary election in Armenia, Gagik Tsarukyan, a millionaire arm-wrestler, said he was going to return to politics and head the country’s second largest political party — the Prosperous Armenia party.

Mr Tsarukyan’s political come- back is important because changes to the constitution, due to come into force in 2018 when President Serzh Sargsyan steps down, mean power is shifting from the presidential office to the parliament. Parliament, and its composition, after April’s election will govern the country.

In a broadcast on his Kentron TV channel, Mr Tsarukyan, 60, said he was returning to Prosperous Armenia, the party he set up, because of the poor state of the economy.

“Since my decision to leave the political arena, there has been no political figure that has been able to fill my role,” he said. “I would have refrained from returning to politics if I were certain that our country was headed in the right direction.”

In a parliamentary election in 2012, the Republican party won 69 of the 131 seats and Prosperous Armenia won 37. The rest were split between four other parties.

Two years ago Mr Tsarukyan, who owns businesses spanning alcohol production to diamond cutting and dealing, quit politics after arguing with Mr Sargsyan over the constitutional changes.

But analysts now say his return may be designed to bolster the ruling party’s power in parliament rather than to present any real opposition.

Richard Giragosian, director at the Regional Studies Center in Yerevan, said politics in Armenia is personality driven and that Mr Tsarukyan was able to appeal to a constituent that would not vote for the Republicans.

“Tsarukyan’s role in the coming elections will be very much to capture votes from people who would ordinarily vote for the opposition,” he said.

Styopa Safaryan, head of the Armenian Institute of the International and Security Affairs, agreed.

“Tsarukyan’s return is more a challenge for Armenia’s opposition party’s rather than current leadership and the Republican party,” he said.

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(News report from Issue No. 313, published on Jan. 20 2017)

Candidates register for Pres. election in Turkmenistan

JAN. 18 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — Turkmenistan’s Central Election Commission said that nine candidates, including incumbent Kurbanguly Berdymukhamedov, had registered to stand in a presidential election set for Feb. 12. Mr Berdymukhamedov, standing for his third term, is expected to win. Western observers have never judged a Turkmen election to be free or fair.

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(News report from Issue No. 313, published on Jan. 20 2017)

Kazakh police arrest pension fund chiefs on corruption allegations

ALMATY, JAN. 6 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — A Kazakh court ordered the arrest of the state pension fund’s top managers on corruption allegations, severely denting the public’s trust in one of the state’s flagship financial organisations.

The arrest of the pension fund’s chairman, Ruslan Erdenaev, the director of financial risk management, Musa Bakhtov, as well as two directors from two different mining companies, is just the latest in a series of high profile corruption cases in Kazakhstan which have even included a former economy minister.

And ordinary Kazakhs, who are already struggling to deal with the impact of a sharp economic downturn that has wiped 50% off the value of the tenge, destroyed jobs and savings, are voicing their frustrations increasingly vocally.

In Almaty, Inna Kisilenko, a mother of a six-year-old boy, shrugged her shoulders.

“Time will tell,” she said. “But honestly I feel doubtful. They [the government] increases the pension age and makes up other things.”

The pension fund arrests were ordered after the Central Bank asked the security services to investigate a deal between the fund and two mining companies worth 5b tenge ($15m) in November.

And the $20b pension fund is a particularly sensitive issue in Kazakhstan. It was created in 2014, when the government forced banks to merge their pension funds into one single state-controlled unit. Kazakhs questioned the motive of such a move. This grumbling turned to outrage when news emerged in the summer that the fund had lent members of the elite cash to finance construction of a shopping centre.

Natalya, 50, summed up people’s feelings.

“I just don’t trust it [pension fund],” she said. “I think it is not right because times are hard. I think about how elderly people survive with their pension money. Everything is getting more expensive, rent, groceries.”

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(News report from Issue No. 312, published on Jan. 13 2017)

Tajik President appoints son as mayor

JAN. 13 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — Tajik president Emomali Rakhmon appointed his eldest son, Rustam Emomali, to be the mayor of Dushanbe, attracting accusations of nepotism. Mr Emomali, 29, previously headed the government’s anti-corruption unit and is head of the Tajik football federation. Analysts have said that Mr Rakhmon is grooming his son to take over from him.

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(News report from Issue No. 312, published on Jan. 13 2017)

Uzbekistan cancels move to scrap visas

JAN. 9 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — Uzbekistan cancelled plans to drop visa requirements for tourists only a few weeks after President Shavkat Mirziyoyev surprised people by promising to open up the notoriously hard-to-enter country.

The US-funded Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty website reported that Uzbekistan’s official legislation website had published a document delaying by four years the introduction of the visa-free regime for tourists. The document had been signed Mr Mirziyoyev.

In December he had said that tourists from Western countries would be allowed to enter the country for up to 30 days without a visa.

Kate Mallinson, a London-based Central Asia analyst, said that the change of plan on the tourists’ visa- free regime hinted at a power struggle within the Uzbek system.

“The Uzbek government’s volte face on allowing visa free entry highlights the continuing leverage of the hidden state and all-powerful security services, the SNB,” she said.

“The SNB fiercely scrutinises entry of foreigners into the country and will have challenged this move which would have significantly undermined its control.”

Uzbekistan has one of the most tightly controlled visa regimes in the world.

Mr Mirziyoyev’s move to relax it appeared linked to the increased openness after the death in September of Pres. Islam Karimov. Karimov had ruled since the 1991 breakup of the Soviet Union and was regarded by many as a harsh autocrat.

Since taking over as president, Mr Mirziyoyev has improved ties with Uzbekistan’s neighbours and promised to improve the country’s business environment.

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(News report from Issue No. 312, published on Jan. 13 2017)

Georgian court releases Saakashvili ally

JAN. 6 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — A court in Tbilisi released the city’s former mayor Gigi Ugulava from prison after reducing his sentence for embezzlement and corruption. Mr Ugulava had been an ally of former Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili. His arrest and prosecution in 2013 brought criticism against the Georgian Dream government coalition, which won an election in 2012, that it was using the courts to settle vendettas.

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(News report from Issue No. 312, published on Jan. 13 2017)

A new mayor of Tajik Capital

JAN. 13 2017 (The Conway Bulletin) — >> I read on page 6 that Tajik president Emomali Rakhmon has made his son the mayor of Dushanbe. Why has he done this?

>> Essentially it looks as if this is a continuation of a process that has been happening for some time. Rakhmon, who has been in power since the mid 1990s, is thinking about succession and this means handing over power to his son, Rustam Emomali. Last year, Pres. Rakhmon forced through changes to Tajikistan’s constitution that should make it easier for his son to take over. A pliant parliament voted to approve changes which mean that both Rakhmon and his son will be eligible to run in a 2020 election.

>> How is the rule on presidential candidates being over 35-years-old important?

>> Put simply, it looks as if Rakhmon is hedging his bets with these constitutional changes. Rakhmon will be 68-years-old when the next presidential election comes along in Tajikistan, probably in November 2020. He may not be in the best health then and may want to give up governing. If he does, dropping the 35- year-old minimum age rule allows his son, Rustam, to stand. Rustam will be 32-years-old in Nov. 2020.

>> And the mayoral position in Dushanbe?

>> This is an important position in Tajikistan. All the country’s wealth is situated in Dushanbe. Apartment prices on Rudaki, the main avenue running through Dushanbe, are among the most expensive in the region. Rustam Emomali will also be given a sizeable budget to manage, with all its challenges and pitfalls. This is like- for-like training for the top job.

>> What has Rustam Emomali done before this?

>> He’s had a few serious jobs in Tajikistan. He has previously been the head of the country’s customs service and its main anti-corruption agency, the Agency for State Financial Control. Rustam Emomali also has an international profile as he is head of Tajikistan’s football federation. A keen footballer, he used to play centre forward for one of Tajikistan’ s top football clubs.

>> How have international organisations reacted to the promotion of Rustam Emomali as mayor of Dushanbe?

>> Predictably, many of the Western groups are frustrated. They have said for a while that Pres. Rakhmon is acting in an increasingly autocratic manner. Promoting his son to such an important position, to them, confirms this. It also builds on the feeling that Rakhmon is acting as a control freak. Tajikistan’s opposition have been hounded and imprisoned, news websites and social media are often shut down for spurious reasons. This said, security-conscious regional governments are far less likely to be bothered about the grooming of Rakhmon’s son to take over from him.

>> So, what next?

>> Keep a close eye on Rakhmon’s health and also how Rustam Emomali is perceived to perform as mayor of Dushanbe. It’s a position where, if he slips up, he can make enemies. And, the nearer the 2020 election get, the more attention you need to pay to just how Pres. Rakhmon and his son, Rustam, are positioning themselves. The opposition has been hollowed out so whatever they decide between themselves will fly.

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(News report from Issue No. 312, published on Jan. 13 2017)