Tag Archives: Uzbekistan

Court jails Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan financier

DEC. 20 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — A court in the United States sentenced Irfan Demirtas, reported to be a joint Dutch and Turkish national, to seven years in prison for raising funds for the radical group Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU). Demirtas was arrested in Germany last year and extradited to the US. The IMU is considered a terrorist group and has been fighting US-led forces in Afghanistan. It was formed in the 1990s in Uzbekistan and has previously targeted Tashkent with bombs.

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(News report from Issue No. 310, published on Dec. 23 2016)

Uzbekistan develops ties with Pakistan

DEC. 22 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — On a trip to Pakistan, Uzbekistan’s deputy PM Ulugbek Rozukulov agreed with Pakistani business minister Khurram Dastgir Khan to set up a joint business council to improve ties between the two countries. Since former president Islam Karimov died in September, Uzbekistan has worked to improve relations with its neighbours. Pakistan has also invested more time into developing ties in the Central Asia region. It is part of both the CASA-1000 project to import electricity from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan and also part of the TAPI gas pipeline project to import gas from Turkmenistan.

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(News report from Issue No. 310, published on Dec. 23 2016)

Euro parliament agrees Uzbek cotton deal

DEC. 14 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — The European Parliament voted to renew a textile deal with Uzbekistan after dropping the agreement five years ago because of concerns over child labour, drawing anger from human rights groups who said that modern day slavery was being excused.

Under the EU-Uzbekistan trade deal, originally agreed in 1999 but suspended in 2011, tariffs on Uzbek cotton will be dropped. It is a major boost for Uzbek president Shavkat Mirziyoyev who appears to want to improve the country’s image after the death in September of Islam Karimov.

The vote was passed by 564 in favour versus 100 against the motion, with 41 abstentions.

Commenting on the vote, MEP Maria Arena, said: “This consent is the result of the progress and commitments made by Uzbekistan in the fight against forced and child labour. But as adult forced labour remains a strong concern, we will follow the situation closely and if there are serious human rights violations or any regress on these issues, MEPs will not hesitate to ask the Council and the Commission to suspend the entire partnership agreement.”

Last month the European Parliament’s influential International Trade Committee had voted to recommend that a deal was approved.

Uzbekistan has appeared to respond to pressure to clean up its employment issues. This year the UN’s International Labour Organisation monitored the harvest in Uzbekistan and said that while doctors and teachers were forced to work in the cotton fields, there were far few children working.

Cotton is a major cash earner for Uzbekistan. It is the fifth largest cotton producer in the world.

Human rights group, though, were less than impressed. “Adopting this Protocol now sends the wrong message to Tashkent,” Human Rights Watch, a New York-based group, said. “Do members want to be seen by Uzbekistan’s millions of victims of forced labour as the parliament that turned a blind eye to their suffering?”

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(News report from Issue No. 309, published on Dec. 16 2016)

Mirziyoyev swears in as Uzbekistan’s second post-Soviet president

DEC. 14 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Shavkat Mirizoyev was formally sworn in as Uzbekistan’s second post- Soviet president.

At his swearing-in ceremony, Mr Mirizyoyev promised to continue along the path that had been set by his predecessor Islam Karimov.

“Today, as I assume the post of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, I comprehensively and deeply feel and realise as a head of state the very enormous responsibility on my shoulders,” he said according to his press office. “And (I promise) to continue the work of the great state and political figure, our dear teacher Islam Karimov.”

Although he has pledged to follow a course set by Karimov, Mr Mirizoyev has already worked to open up the country, making peace deals with neighbours, granting visa-free entrance to foreign nationals and promising to liberalise Uzbekistan’s strict currency rules.

Mr Mirziyoyev also announced key positions in his cabinet including promoting Abdulla Aripov, his ally, as PM and demoting Rustam Azimov who had been finance minister. Mr Azimov’s demotion took analysts by surprise as he had been seen as one of the key ministers now running the country. By contrast, Mr Aripov had been sacked by Karimov in 2012 and only reinstated to the cabinet after he died in September.

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(News report from Issue No. 309, published on Dec. 16 2016)

Uzbekistan adopts budget deficit

DEC. 13 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Uzbekistan’s Senate adopted a government budget for 2017 with a deficit of around 1%, media reported. This is the second consecutive year that Uzbekistan has said that it will run a budget deficit and points to a new, and entirely relative, openness. Uzbekistan, like its neighbours, is having to deal with a sharp economic downturn. Uzbek economic data is notoriously unreliable.

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(News report from Issue No. 309, published on Dec. 16 2016)

Uzbeks prepare to back Mirziyoyev as their second post-Soviet president

TASHKENT, DEC. 2 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Even last month, it was clear to Uzbeks who was going to win a presidential election on Dec. 4.

“It is already known who is going to be our new president,” laughed Farkhod, 55, a resident of Samarkand. “But still I am fine with him.”

The “him” is Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Uzbekistan’s PM and acting president since Islam Karimov died on Sept. 2.

And on a tour of Uzbekistan’s two main cities — Tashkent and Samarkand — Mr Mirziyoyev appeared to be a genuinely popular choice to replace Karimov. He’s also had the advantage of looking presidential by leading Karimov’s funeral and hosting various world leaders, such as Russian president Vladimir Putin and Turkish president Recep Erdogan.

For Saidaziz, 21, a student in Tashkent, stability was the key issue. “I am going to vote for Mirziyoyev, as it seems that he is going to continue the line of Islam Karimov,” she said.

Not everybody is as enthusiastic, though. An Uzbek academic who preferred not to be named said that Mr Mirziyoyev had a reputation for being excessively strict.

“As far as I know, Karimov did not choose Mirziyoyev as his successor, as he was aware of the methods the latter prefers to use,” he said in hushed tones between sips of tea in a Tashkent cafe.

Still, for most Uzbeks, Mr Mirziyoyev’s moves to open up the country and to create jobs through major infrastructure projects are welcome.

The economy has been in the doldrums for two years and needs stimulating. Alexander, a 54-year-old plumber in Tashkent said that a change of president would have little impact on ordinary people.

“The elite will decide who becomes president, without our participation, but there won’t be any revolution from ordinary Uzbeks,” he said. “Creating a stable political system, like the one in America is more important task.”

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(News report from Issue No. 307, published on Dec. 2 2016)

Uzbekistan’s acting-president signals changes to currency controls

NOV. 29 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Uzbekistan’s acting-president Shavkat Mirziyoyev published a draft decree on the presidential website laying out what appeared to be a manifesto to liberalise some of the tightest currency controls in the world.

In the draft decree, Mr Mirziyoyev wrote that restrictions would be lifted on foreign companies working in Uzbekistan and on Uzbeks taking money out of the country.

The document said that the main aims of the reforms were to “stimulate growth of the country’s export potential, improve the competitive- ness of domestic producers in foreign and domestic markets” and to “create equal conditions for all participants of foreign economic activity during their foreign exchange operations and the prohibition of the practice of privileges and preferences to individual companies or sectors”.

Specifically, the document said Uzbeks would be allowed to take up to $10,000 out of the country. Currently, Uzbeks are banned from taking cash out of the country. Foreign companies working in Uzbekistan have also complained about restrictions on repatriating profits. Under the draft regulations this should be easier.

Uzbekistan also operates a dual exchange rate with the official and the Black Market rate varying widely.

The draft legislation on the presidential website didn’t specifically tackle the issue of the dual exchange rates but loosening currency controls should bring them together.

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(News report from Issue No. 307, published on Dec. 2 2016)

Uzbekistan seals military deal with Russia

NOV. 29 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Russia and Uzbekistan have signed a deal that will improve their military cooperation, media reported quoting the Russian defence ministry. It said that one of the main aims of the agreement was to update Uzbekistan’s military with modern Russian-made equipment. The deal highlights both the more open nature of Uzbekistan since Islam Karimov, president since 1991, died in September and the influence that Russia has over the region.

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(News report from Issue No. 307, published on Dec. 2 2016)

Flights resume between Tajikistan and Uzbekistan

NOV. 30 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Commercial aeroplanes will fly between Tajikistan and Uzbekistan from January 2017, for the first time in 25 years, media reported quoting civil aviation officials from both countries. Relations between Tajikistan and Uzbekistan have been poor for years as the countries have rowed, mainly about water supplies. Under acting- president Shavkat Mirziyoyev, though, Uzbekistan has worked to improve relations with its neighbours.

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(News report from Issue No. 307, published on Dec. 2 2016)

Comment: Under Mirziyoyev, Uzbekistan may open up, says Kilner

DEC. 2 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Shavkat Mirziyoyev will be confirmed as Uzbekistan’s president at an election on Dec. 4, a move that bodes well for ordinary Uzbeks, for the country’s neighbours and for investors. Potentially at least.

Mirziyoyev will govern with a core team of ministers that includes Rustam Inoyatov, the Uzbek intelligence chief, and finance minister Rustam Azimov. They take over from Islam Karimov, a difficult, cantankerous man who died from a stroke on Sept. 2 after ruling for 25 years.

Uzbekistan is one of the most secretive and closed-off regimes in the world but if the early signs are borne out, and there needs to be plenty of caveats, the tantalising prospect of a more open Uzbekistan is in sight.

Uzbeks need permission to leave, a deeply entrenched network of informants keeps tabs on people’s activities, forced labour is used each year to pick the massive cotton harvest, opposition journalists and politicians are locked up, corruption is beyond rife and foreign investors have found it all but impossible to keep their assets from being grabbed by the state.

Now Mirziyoyev has appeared to want to move Uzbekistan onto a new trajectory. He has talked up the prospect of investing in large infrastructure projects which will create jobs. He has also promised to strengthen the independence of the Uzbek courts and said that police will now no longer be able to raid businesses and shops on the pretext of various transgressions, an issue which had stifled private business.

Of course, talk and signing documents is cheap but importantly, also, Mirziyoyev has looked to improve relations with Uzbekistan’s neighbours, in particular with Kyrgyzstan.

Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan have for years argued over their shared border around the Ferghana Valley and at times this year, conflict has appeared likely. Now, since Karimov’s death, Mirziyoyev has ordered his officials to mend relations with Kyrgyzstan. Officials from both sides have posed for photo-ops shaking hands and documents have been signed agreeing deals on the border disputes.

Under Karimov, this detente had never seemed likely. Under Mirziyoyev Uzbek-Kyrgyz relations have suddenly never been better.

These are early days, and we are not about to witness a tectonic shift towards full-scale liberalism but increments are important and Uzbekistan under its new leadership may be headed in a more benign direction.

By James Kilner, Editor, The Conway Bulletin

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(News report from Issue No. 307, published on Dec. 2 2016)