Tag Archives: society

With one eye on EU regulations, Georgia reintroduces tests for cars

TBILISI, NOV. 15 2016, (The Conway Bulletin) — Georgian economy minister Dimitry Kumsishvili said compulsory vehicle maintenance and emissions inspections will resume from Jan. 1 2018, after a gap of 14 years, a move aimed at improving the safety of Georgian roads and meeting EU standards.

Mandatory vehicle inspection was abolished in 2004 due to its ineffectiveness and vulnerability to corruption, a reflection, perhaps, of Georgia’s chaotic business and social scene in the years after the 1991 breakup of the Soviet Union.

Mr Kumsishvili said he wanted to attract foreign companies with experience to take on the challenge of running and monitoring an annual vehicle safety scheme and has invited companies with at least 15 years experience in Europe to apply by Dec. 8 to run the scheme.

Mikheil Khmaladze, the director of the Land Transport Agency, which sits within the economy ministry, told The Conway Bulletin that Georgia needed a company with experience if it was going to make a success of the project.

“We might know how to do this in theory but we lack the practical experience. The international company will be a consultant and will advise us on what to do. There is a lot of risk of corruption in this field,” he said in an interview.

The winner of the tender will be given a two-year contract starting on Jan. 1 2017.

Inspections will be conducted throughout the country by local businesses. A maximum price per inspection will be set and a national database, where all the data regarding will be entered, raked over and inspected for transparency.

The reintroduction of a vehicle inspection scheme was a requirement stipulated by the Georgia-EU

Association Agreement requirement. Georgia wants to join the EU.

Environmentalists have also said that the scheme is needed to cut pollutants.

Nino Shavgulidze, Chief of Party of Caucasus Environmental NGO Network (CENN), said that cars were the biggest pollutants in Tbilisi.

“Statistics shows that of the more than 1m cars running in Georgia, a majority are more than 10 years old. Most of these vehicles do not have catalytic converters, are very poorly maintained, and emit pollutants that are dangerous for human health,” she said.

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(News report from Issue No. 305, published on Nov. 18 2016)

Kyrgyzstan announces amnesty

NOV. 11 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Kyrgyzstan released 1,277 inmates from its prisons in an amnesty designated to celebrate both the 25th anniversary of independence from the Soviet Union and also the 100th anniversary of an uprising against imperial tsarist forces. The pan-Central Asia rebellion of 1916 was triggered by a decree from the Tsar to mobilise men to fight for Russian forces in the First World War. Russian soldiers repressed the rebellion within a year, killing thousands of people. Different governments have interpreted the uprisings through different lenses. The Soviet Union saw the uprisings as a class struggle. The newly independent countries of Central Asia frame them as national-liberation movements.

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(News report from Issue No. 305, published on Nov. 18 2016)

EBRD and EU expand loan for Kyrgyzstan

NOV. 14 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — The EBRD and the EU will expand their programme to support improvements in Kyrgyzstan’s energy efficiency with a $45m loan. The new credit line seeks to boost energy efficiency, particularly for water usage, for Kyrgyz businesses and households.

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(News report from Issue No. 305, published on Nov. 18 2016)

Kazakh police detains Aktobe FC chief

NOV. 9 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Anti-corruption police in Kazakhstan detained Dmitriy Vasilyev, director at Aktobe Football Club, for embezzling 300m ($882,000) of public funds, official media reported. Mr Vasiliyev allegedly paid illegal premiums for Aktobe’s performance in Kazakhstan’s Premier League. FC Aktobe is owned by the finance department of the local government.

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

Georgian Orthodox Church head to visit Moscow

NOV. 7 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — The head of the Georgian Orthodox Church Patriarch Ilia II will visit Moscow from Nov. 18 until Nov. 25 to, officially, celebrate the 70th birthday of the head of the Russian Orthodox Church Patriarch Kirill, media reported. Ilia II is an important figure in Georgian politics and is often used to as a conduit with Russia. In the immediate aftermath of a war between Georgia and Russia in August 2008, Ilia II was able to travel to Moscow to start talks on repairing relations. He usually meets Vladimir Putin, now Russia’s president, when he visits Moscow. His trip later this month will be his fifth since the Georgia- Russia war.

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

Azerbaijan completes railway construction

NOV. 7 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Azerbaijan completed an 8.3km extension of a railway line to the Iranian border, a vital component of the North-South Transport Corridor that will link India with Europe and Russia. Media reported that the rail link was due to open next year. This is the only rail link between Azerbaijan and Iran. Relations between the two countries have much improved over the past couple of years, mainly due to the relative moderate Hassan Rouhani being elected in 2013 as Iranian leader and the lifting of most of the sanctions hanging over Iran. The North-South Transport Corridor is being developed to cut transport costs and is considered vital to boosting regional trade.

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

WHO declares Kyrgyzstan malaria-free

NOV. 4 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared Kyrgyzstan to be free of malaria, marking the culmination of a 15 year plan to eradicate the disease. Kyrgyzstan had been free of Malaria from the mid- 1960s until the late 1980s and 1990s when migrant workers brought it back into the country from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

Uzbeks mourn their great leader Karimov

SAMARKAND/Uzbekistan, NOV. 11 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — Davlat, 33, was standing looking almost dreamily at Islam Karimov’s mausoleum. “I wish he’s ruled for another ten years,” he said.

In the West, Karimov, who ruled Uzbekistan from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, is considered a brutal dictator who ordered his soldiers to shoot his own people. In Uzbekistan, though, ordinary people pay homage to his foresight and magnanimity.

A long line of people were queuing up at the end of last month to pay their respects to Karimov.

The authorities had decided to bury him in Samarkand, where he was born and his mausoleum, like the other grand mausoleums in Uzbekistan’s most famous and most written about city, will gradually become another tourist site.

The Registan, a square in front of three madrassas, is a short walk away. It is the city’s most popular tourist site. It is also where Farkhod, 55, earns a living directing tourists.

“I remember days, when we used to get products like flour and bread only from food cards and now there is nothing that we do not produce ourselves. Cotton, wheat, machines,” he said.

“This is all thanks to Islam Karimov. May his soul rest in peace.”

Back in Tashkent, Bobor smiled when he thought of Karimov.

“I won a golden medal in boxing in 2006 and the President gave me this car,” he said proudly. Although it is now old and problematic, he said that he wouldn’t dream of selling it.

Most ordinary Uzbeks have their own stories of Karimov, focused on his image as a great leader and saviour.

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

WHO says Kyrgyzstan is free of malaria

NOV. 11 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — >> I’ve just read that the World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared Kyrgyzstan to be free of malaria. Is this important? What does this mean?

>>Put simply, it means that Kyrgyzstan has done a good job at stamping out malaria. To be declared free of malaria, a country has to prove that there have been no cases for three consecutive years. It’s good PR for Kyrgyzstan and should make it a more attractive destination for tourists to visit. It’s an image thing. Malaria was never a major problem in Kyrgyzstan but publicity from WHO about combating it will go down well.

>> Got it. You say that it wasn’t a major problem but how serious was malaria in Kyrgyzstan, then?

>> It had been more or less stamped out under the Soviet Union, mainly due to industrialisation and living standards rising, but it re-appeared in the 1990s. This was a tough period, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, with the economy performing badly. There were very few jobs in Kyrgyzstan and healthcare was underfunded. Migrant workers brought malaria back to Kyrgyzstan and in 2002, it suffered what the WHO described as a “malaria epidemic” with 2,700 reported cases. Backed by the WHO, the Kyrgyz government ran a malaria eradication strategy which targeted improving healthcare and strengthening awareness of the disease. By 2011, the number of malaria cases reported to have been picked up in Kyrgyzstan was three, dropping to zero in 2012. The campaign has been a success.

>> Does this all mean that Kyrgyzstan has become something of a WHO poster-boy in Central Asia?

>>Not exactly. It still has plenty of issues to deal with such as high rates of alcohol consumption and smoking, as well as HIV and tuberculosis problems. These issues are generally shared with other countries in the former Soviet Union. Public health in the region is always going to be a continual battle.

>> And what about the other countries in the region?

>> Kazakhstan has also been declared malaria-free and the number of cases in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan has fallen dramatically. Both are on course to achieving the WHO’s malaria-free certificate. For Tajikistan, in particular, this would be a major achievement. At its peak in 1997, Tajikistan reported nearly 30,000 new cases of malaria. Last year it reported zero cases and the WHO has said that it is on course to achieve malaria-free status. This is a good news story from Central Asia. Eradicating malaria will save lives and take the strain off the health sector. Of course, it may reappear but for now, malaria is being defeated in the region. The WHO has no data for Turkmenistan.

>> That’s impressive. So, is it all good news for Central Asia’s healthcare system?

>> No. While malaria may be being beaten, other diseases are still a problem. Kazakhstan reports seasonal outbreaks of the bubonic plague. These are localised and transmitted by fleas living off infected rodents. One or two people die each year from the disease but it has never threatened to become widespread. In Tajikistan, polio, which was thought to have been eradicated, was reported in the south of the country in 2011. In total, nearly 500 people were reported to be infected and the WHO declared an epidemic. At least 29 people died before the outbreak was brought under control six months later. In Kyrgyzstan, also, there have been recent public health scares. This included an outbreak of measles in 2015. Out of 22,000 recorded in the wider Europe region that year, a third were in Kyrgyzstan

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(News report from Issue No. 304, published on Nov. 11 2016)

Comment: An unexpected PR boost for Kazakhstan’s prisons, writes Kilner

NOV. 4 2016 (The Conway Bulletin) — It’s not often that Kazakhstan gets praised for its prison system. Not very often at all.

And there is a reason for this. There have been improvements over the last few years but the overwhelming majority of its prisons are based on crumbling Soviet-era infrastructure accompanied by an uncompromising Soviet-era mindset. There is no Norwegian cuddliness here.

These are mainly cold, uncomfortable and dangerous places. Stories from Kazakh prisons are hooked on riots, Islamic extremism recruitment, hunger strikes and deaths — both suicides and apparent suicides.

It’s the same story across the rest of Central Asia. Human rights groups and the media criticise governments for not investing enough time or money into their prison systems and the governments get defensive.

Except in last week’s Financial Times, when Kazakhstan scored what must have been a wonderful piece of prison PR.

On a week-long trip to Kazakhstan, FT editor Lionel Barber wrote in a diary-style entry that he had been inspired by Jonathan Aitken, a British Conservative politician who went to jail for perjury, to look around a Kazakh prison. Aitken had written glowingly about them in a book he’d been paid to write by Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Barber was also impressed.

“It is unlikely to be wholly representative, compared with the former Soviet gulags in Kazakhstan. But its rooms are spotless; there are curtains and large glass window panes without bars, all of which would be seen as suicide risks elsewhere,” he said of prison 66/10 outside Astana which he was shown around.

Prison 66/10 is one of Kazakhstan’s new showcase prison and he knows it, but he also dangerously underplays the awfulness of most of the Kazakh prison system. Since 2011, when prisoners rioted and sliced open their stomachs in protest at the poor conditions, Kazakhstan has improved its prison system but perspective is needed.

Roger Boyes, a columnist at the London Times newspaper, picked up this theme. He said high-profile former politicians and visitors, such as Aitken and Tony Blair and Barber, were being used to whitewash Kazakhstan.

“He should have asked to see the basement,” Boyes wrote of Barber’s comments on Kazakh prison 66/10. “That’s where the truths are buried.”

By James Kilner, Editor, The Conway Bulletin

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(News report from Issue No. 303, published on Nov. 4 2016)